论文部分内容阅读
【Abstract】In the process of the development of the society， the civil engineering industry has developed constantly for which the demand for the students of civil engineering is increasing rapidly. Therefore， to make all the students have the professional and practical abilities to meet the needs of the civil engineering industry for social development， a lot of colleges have strengthened the innovation of the teaching methods. Only by innovating can students fundamentally broaden their professional horizons， enrich their professional knowledge and exercise their professional skills. This paper mainly focuses on the improvement and innovation strategies of the civil engineering majors that aims to provide some references for its teaching in subsequent teaching activities.
【key words】teaching methods； civil engineering； innovation
【作者簡介】刘国瑞，西南交通大学希望学院。
As an inevitable trend of the engineering teaching， the education of innovation can reform the teaching modes fundamentally， help students improve their ability of thinking and creation. At the same time， it can also encourage students to participate in practicing. It can promote the application of innovative knowledge in students’ practice and help students to get better development if we can apply the awareness of the innovation into education. Therefore， innovation education is very important in the reform of civil engineering education.
1. Analysis of current teaching methods of civil engineering
The goal of civil engineering teaching is to constantly train students’ practical ability and creative ability， so as to promote students’ employment and cultivate talents for the civil engineering industry. However， there is still a big gap between the reality and the goal. Problems are as follows：
1.1 The backward teaching mode leads to the lack of enthusiasm of students
Currently， the teaching mode of civil engineering is mainly to follow the traditional teaching mode whose characteristics is students do not have any right to speak during the whole teaching process， and teachers only teach the theoretical knowledge to students and do not pay attention to students’ feedback.
This over-traditional teaching method will decrease the passion of students， for which students will become tired of learning about these theoretical knowledge that is not conducive to the improvement of the teaching effect. In addition， limited by the shortage of practical equipment resources in colleges， the teaching process of civil engineering still has some problems such as backward experimental equipment and insufficient quantity. 1.2 Poor practice quality cannot improve student’s skills
Due to the practicality of civil engineering， teachers are required to contact with practice to develop the teaching activities. However， because of some various aspects， teachers still have several problems in practical teaching：
1） Many teachers often do not use relevant teaching equipment in the process of practical teaching which causes that students have a weak awareness of practice.
2） Teachers’ guidance of practical exercise and assessment of students is not enough.
1.3 Backward examination system cannot fully evaluate students
At present， the standard of civil engineering majors in assessing students are mainly based on the test scores in the final exam which is very unfavorable for cultivating their abilities of practice and innovation. Because the test is relatively single， it will lead students to focusing on theoretical knowledge but neglecting their practical skills.
2. The reform of teaching methods
It is important to adopt effective teaching methods in the process of teaching， which can obviously improve the learning effect. In addition， by focusing on the diversity and pertinence of teaching methods， students can enjoy the process of learning the theoretical knowledge. The teaching of civil engineering is divided into two parts： theoretical teaching and practical teaching. Therefore， civil engineering teaching should start from the following two aspects：
2.1 The reform of the theoretical teaching
In civil engineering teaching， teachers should pay attention to the choice of curriculum theory by analyzing the professional knowledge， practice innovation and so on to arrange the most suitable courses for students. Then through the real investigation to provide some practical courses for students to meet the demand of the market.
2.2 The reform of practical teaching
As the civil engineering is a practical major， it is necessary to improve students’ comprehension of practical operation in the process of teaching. Through constantly strengthening students’ practical ability， students can combine theory with practice to solve practical problems.
1） Cases teaching：As the courses of civil engineering are very practical and abstract， it is difficult for students to have a clear concept of the practical application of civil engineering knowledge if they only rely on the teaching methods and the practical equipment. Appropriate civil engineering projects can deepen students’ awareness of the application so it is believed that cases teaching play an important role in deepening students’ impressions. 2） Field teaching：
The civil engineering industry attaches great importance to practical operation. Therefore， practical teaching is the most important part in the innovative teaching of civil engineering. For this reason， the teachers of colleges should make students participate in the practice truly to master and apply theoretical knowledge they have learnt.
In practical teaching， colleges can take the approach of combining with enterprises or leading the students into the enterprise to involve all the students in concrete practice. In this way， students can know more about their career goals and the development of civil engineering so that they can correct their attitude to study and improve their learning enthusiasm.
With the development of the society， the demand for civil engineering professionals is also increasing rapidly which brings out higher requirements for the teaching quality of civil engineering. Innovation education is an important part in the teaching reform of teaching， only through continuous innovation can students improve their practical ability. In addition， in the process of innovative teaching， teachers should combine the theory with practice， and at the same time， we should pay more attention to the practical operation， so as to truly promote the development of the teaching of civil engineering.
References：
[1]Zhang Yajun. Innovative education practice in the reform of civil engineering teaching in higher vocational colleges[J].Industry and Technology Forum，2016，15（10）：136-137.
[2]Zheng Bizhen， Wu Jianxia. The practice of innovative education in the reform of civil engineering teaching in higher vocational colleges [J].Journal of Jilin Radio and Television University，2014（02）：58-59.
【key words】teaching methods； civil engineering； innovation
【作者簡介】刘国瑞，西南交通大学希望学院。
As an inevitable trend of the engineering teaching， the education of innovation can reform the teaching modes fundamentally， help students improve their ability of thinking and creation. At the same time， it can also encourage students to participate in practicing. It can promote the application of innovative knowledge in students’ practice and help students to get better development if we can apply the awareness of the innovation into education. Therefore， innovation education is very important in the reform of civil engineering education.
1. Analysis of current teaching methods of civil engineering
The goal of civil engineering teaching is to constantly train students’ practical ability and creative ability， so as to promote students’ employment and cultivate talents for the civil engineering industry. However， there is still a big gap between the reality and the goal. Problems are as follows：
1.1 The backward teaching mode leads to the lack of enthusiasm of students
Currently， the teaching mode of civil engineering is mainly to follow the traditional teaching mode whose characteristics is students do not have any right to speak during the whole teaching process， and teachers only teach the theoretical knowledge to students and do not pay attention to students’ feedback.
This over-traditional teaching method will decrease the passion of students， for which students will become tired of learning about these theoretical knowledge that is not conducive to the improvement of the teaching effect. In addition， limited by the shortage of practical equipment resources in colleges， the teaching process of civil engineering still has some problems such as backward experimental equipment and insufficient quantity. 1.2 Poor practice quality cannot improve student’s skills
Due to the practicality of civil engineering， teachers are required to contact with practice to develop the teaching activities. However， because of some various aspects， teachers still have several problems in practical teaching：
1） Many teachers often do not use relevant teaching equipment in the process of practical teaching which causes that students have a weak awareness of practice.
2） Teachers’ guidance of practical exercise and assessment of students is not enough.
1.3 Backward examination system cannot fully evaluate students
At present， the standard of civil engineering majors in assessing students are mainly based on the test scores in the final exam which is very unfavorable for cultivating their abilities of practice and innovation. Because the test is relatively single， it will lead students to focusing on theoretical knowledge but neglecting their practical skills.
2. The reform of teaching methods
It is important to adopt effective teaching methods in the process of teaching， which can obviously improve the learning effect. In addition， by focusing on the diversity and pertinence of teaching methods， students can enjoy the process of learning the theoretical knowledge. The teaching of civil engineering is divided into two parts： theoretical teaching and practical teaching. Therefore， civil engineering teaching should start from the following two aspects：
2.1 The reform of the theoretical teaching
In civil engineering teaching， teachers should pay attention to the choice of curriculum theory by analyzing the professional knowledge， practice innovation and so on to arrange the most suitable courses for students. Then through the real investigation to provide some practical courses for students to meet the demand of the market.
2.2 The reform of practical teaching
As the civil engineering is a practical major， it is necessary to improve students’ comprehension of practical operation in the process of teaching. Through constantly strengthening students’ practical ability， students can combine theory with practice to solve practical problems.
1） Cases teaching：As the courses of civil engineering are very practical and abstract， it is difficult for students to have a clear concept of the practical application of civil engineering knowledge if they only rely on the teaching methods and the practical equipment. Appropriate civil engineering projects can deepen students’ awareness of the application so it is believed that cases teaching play an important role in deepening students’ impressions. 2） Field teaching：
The civil engineering industry attaches great importance to practical operation. Therefore， practical teaching is the most important part in the innovative teaching of civil engineering. For this reason， the teachers of colleges should make students participate in the practice truly to master and apply theoretical knowledge they have learnt.
In practical teaching， colleges can take the approach of combining with enterprises or leading the students into the enterprise to involve all the students in concrete practice. In this way， students can know more about their career goals and the development of civil engineering so that they can correct their attitude to study and improve their learning enthusiasm.
With the development of the society， the demand for civil engineering professionals is also increasing rapidly which brings out higher requirements for the teaching quality of civil engineering. Innovation education is an important part in the teaching reform of teaching， only through continuous innovation can students improve their practical ability. In addition， in the process of innovative teaching， teachers should combine the theory with practice， and at the same time， we should pay more attention to the practical operation， so as to truly promote the development of the teaching of civil engineering.
References：
[1]Zhang Yajun. Innovative education practice in the reform of civil engineering teaching in higher vocational colleges[J].Industry and Technology Forum，2016，15（10）：136-137.
[2]Zheng Bizhen， Wu Jianxia. The practice of innovative education in the reform of civil engineering teaching in higher vocational colleges [J].Journal of Jilin Radio and Television University，2014（02）：58-59.