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二元系恒压相图中,如有一个三相点就有一条过此点的水平线(如图1),若有多个三相点就有多条水平线(如图2)。目前有的物理化学教科书称这类水平线为“三相线”或“三相平衡线,”,有的书针对具有低共熔点的恒压图称之为“固相线”或“固液相线”;还有些书对这类水平线未给以明确的名称。为了体现这类水平线的实质,避免学生初学时可能引起的混乱,给这类水平线以确切的命名是必要的。理由如下: 首先相平衡体系,除温度、压力外不考虑表面张力、电场、磁场等其它外界因素对平衡的影响时,体系的自由度数f、独立组分数c和相数p之间的关系可以写成f+p=c+2。图解表示分析相平衡体系时,
Binary system constant pressure phase diagram, if there is a three-phase point there is a horizontal line beyond this point (Figure 1), if there are multiple three-phase point there are multiple horizontal lines (Figure 2). Some physicist textbooks call such horizontal lines “three-phase lines” or “three-phase equilibrium lines,” while others call them “solid lines” or “solid-liquid phases” Line "; some books on such horizontal lines did not give a clear name. In order to reflect the essence of such horizontal lines and to avoid the confusion that students may cause when they begin their studies, it is necessary to give exact names to such horizontal lines. The reason is as follows: First, the phase equilibrium system, in addition to temperature, pressure without considering the surface tension, electric field, magnetic field and other external factors on the balance of the system, the system of degrees of freedom f, independent component c and the number of phases p Write f + p = c + 2. Graphic representation of the phase equilibrium system,