目的探讨弥漫性轴索损伤的发病机制、临床特点、影像学表现以及治疗方法和意义。方法回顾性分析60例弥漫性轴索损伤的临床资料和影像学资料。结果随访半年,死亡7例(11.7%),植物生存5例(8.3%),重残4例(6.7%),中残5例(8.3%),轻残6例(10%),治愈33例(55%)。结论弥漫性轴索损伤患者应早诊断、早治疗,及时处理好各种并发症,条件允许下应积极行MR I检查,以提高治愈率,降低残死率。 Objective To investigate the pathogenesis, clinical features, imaging findings, treatment methods and significance of diffuse axonal injury. Methods Retrospective analysis of 60 cases of diffuse axonal injury clinical data and imaging data. Results The patients were followed up for 6 months with 7 deaths (11.7%), 5 (8.3%) cases of plant survival, 4 cases of severe disability (6.7%), 5 cases of moderate disability (8.3%) and 6 cases of mild disability (10% Example (55%). Conclusions Patients with diffuse axonal injury should be diagnosed and treated as soon as possible and promptly treated with various complications. MR I examination should be conducted actively under the condition to improve the cure rate and reduce the rate of death.