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对优秀外语教师的实践知识进行研究是教师专业发展的重要议题。对优秀外语教师前辈进行研究有助于我们把握中国外语教育根源。笔者认为,教师实践知识是知识、信念、价值观的混合物,与教师的个人成长史密切相关。本文采取文献阅读和访谈相结合的方法,探究许国璋和刘润清两位专家实践知识的形成过程及其影响因素。研究表明,两位专家的实践性知识源于学习实践和工作实践,体现在语言观、学习观和课程教学观。师长的引导和教师对自身发展的不断追求以及所处环境的激励作用,是教师实践知识形成的主要途径。研究还证实,两位专家的教育观念依然具有前瞻性和启发性。
Studying the practical knowledge of excellent foreign language teachers is an important topic for teachers’ professional development. Researching on the best foreigners of foreign language teachers helps us to grasp the root causes of Chinese foreign language education. The author believes that the teacher’s practical knowledge is a mixture of knowledge, beliefs and values, which is closely related to the personal growth history of the teacher. This article takes a combination of literature reading and interview to explore the forming process and influencing factors of Xu Guozhang and Liu Runqing’s practical knowledge. The research shows that the practical knowledge of the two experts stems from the study practice and work practice, which is reflected in the viewpoints of language, study and curriculum. The teacher’s guidance and teachers’ continuous pursuit of their own development as well as the incentive role of their environment are the main ways through which teacher’s practical knowledge is formed. The study also confirmed that the educational concepts of the two experts are still forward-looking and inspiring.