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应用Cytb序列对燕窝进行DNA条形码(DNA barcodes)研究,为燕窝的溯源研究及全面评价燕窝质量提供理论依据。以马来西亚、印度尼西亚、越南、泰国等地的燕窝,共计39个样本为研究对象,提取基因组DNA,扩增Cytb序列并双向测序。采用MEGA 7.0软件,对39条样本序列及36条从Gen Bank中下载五种金丝燕的Cytb序列进行序列特征分析,基于Kimura双参数法计算序列种内、种间遗传距离,构建NJ和UPGMA系统聚类树进行分析。研究结果表明,39个样本共来源于3个不同的金丝燕物种。Cytb序列种间变异显著大于其种内变异,可以准确地区分不同种类的燕窝。所构建的NJ和UPGMA系统发育树,也能将全部物种区分开。表明基于Cytb序列的DNA条形码技术可用于准确快速地鉴别燕窝的生物基原。
The Cytb sequence was used to study the DNA barcodes of bird ’s nest, which provided a theoretical basis for the traceability of the bird’ s nest and the comprehensive evaluation of the bird ’s nest quality. A total of 39 samples from Malaysia, Indonesia, Vietnam and Thailand were collected for genomic DNA amplification, Cytb sequence amplification and bi-directional sequencing. The MEGA 7.0 software was used to analyze the sequence characteristics of Cytb sequences of 39 swatches and 36 swiftlet swallows downloaded from Gen Bank. Based on the Kimura double parameter method, genetic distance between species and species was calculated, and NJ and UPGMA System cluster tree analysis. The results show that 39 samples were derived from three different Swirenei species. The interspecies variation of Cytb sequence is significantly larger than its intraspecific variation, which can accurately distinguish different types of bird’s nest. The NJ and UPGMA phylogenetic trees constructed also distinguish all species. This indicates that Cytb DNA-based barcode technology can be used to accurately and quickly identify the biological basis of bird’s nest.