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[目的]建立淡水养殖池塘水质评价指标体系。[方法]通过专家访谈法、问卷调查法、实地调研法及DELPHI法,在综合分析淡水养殖池塘水质各影响因子的基础上,对14个淡水养殖池塘水环境因子的重要程度进行了排序,选择其中5个因素作为指标建立了淡水养殖池塘水质评价指标体系,并确定了各指标的阈值。[结果]淡水养殖池塘水质因子重要程度排序为溶解氧>pH>浮游植物量>透明度>总氮>浮游动物量>水温>生化需氧量>水色>盐度>总硬度;根据重要程度的大小,确定溶解氧、pH、透明度、浮游植物量、总氮5个指标为池塘水质评价的指标体系。对淡水养殖池塘水质等级进行5级划分,并采用专家问卷方法获得鱼类对各指标的耐受程度范围。[结论]为淡水养殖池塘水质评价提供了理论依据。
[Objective] To establish the evaluation index system of freshwater aquaculture pond water quality. [Methods] Based on the comprehensive analysis of various influencing factors of water quality in freshwater aquaculture ponds, the importance of water environment factors in 14 freshwater aquaculture ponds was sorted by expert interview, questionnaire, field survey and DELPHI. Five of these factors were used as indices to establish the water quality evaluation index system of freshwater aquaculture ponds, and the threshold of each index was determined. [Result] The order of importance of water quality factors of freshwater aquaculture ponds was dissolved oxygen> pH> phytoplankton amount> transparency> total nitrogen> zooplankton amount> water temperature> biochemical oxygen demand> water color> salinity> total hardness; The indexes of dissolved oxygen, pH, transparency, amount of phytoplankton and total nitrogen were determined for the assessment of pond water quality. The grade of freshwater aquaculture ponds was divided into five levels, and the range of tolerance degree of the fish to each index was obtained by expert questionnaire method. [Conclusion] This provided a theoretical basis for the evaluation of freshwater aquaculture pond water quality.