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弗洛伊德将人格结构分为三个层次:本我、自我和超我。本我由先天的本能、欲望所组成的能量系统,包括各种生理需要。自我是从本我中逐渐分化出来的,位于人格结构的中间层。其作用主要是调节本我与超我之间的矛盾,它一方面调节着本我,一方面又受制于超我。超我是道德化了的自我,由社会规范、伦理道德、价值观念内化而来,其形成是社会化的结果。在人格结构里,本我、自我和超我三者相互交织在一起,构成人格的整体。
Freud divides the personality structure into three levels: self, self and super self. I am composed of innate instincts, desires composed of energy systems, including a variety of physiological needs. Self is gradually divorced from the self, located in the middle of the personality structure. Its main function is to regulate the contradiction between the self and the super, which regulates the self on the one hand and the super self on the other. Super is a moral self, internalized by social norms, ethics and values, and its formation is the result of socialization. In personality structure, the self, self and super three intertwined with each other, constitute the overall personality.