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病毒性肝炎1959年开始在大连市列为乙类法定传染病报告和管理,已经历5个流行周期和发病高峰。在流行年甲肝的发病数占病毒性肝炎发病总数的70%左右,甲肝的流行趋势决定了大连市病毒性肝炎总的流行趋势。经过50年的调研防治,基本摸清了甲型肝炎的流行特征和规律。本市甲肝的暴发疫情主要以自备水源污染引起为主(占66.67%),发病地区分布广泛,季节性明显。1996年以后,高发年龄组后移趋势显著,合资、独资企业发生暴发点的比例迅速上升,外来流动人口成为本市甲肝暴发疫情的隐患人群。通过制定和采取切实可行的防制对策,使甲肝的发病高峰值逐渐下降。但随着重点防治对象的改变,防治策略应作针对性调整。
Viral hepatitis began in 1959 as a group B notifiable infectious disease report and management, has experienced five epidemic cycles and the peak incidence. In the prevalence of hepatitis A incidence of viral hepatitis accounts for about 70% of the total incidence of hepatitis A epidemic trend determines the general trend of viral hepatitis in Dalian. After 50 years of research and prevention, the basic characteristics and laws of hepatitis A have been found out. The main outbreak of hepatitis A in this Municipality is caused mainly by self-provided water pollution (66.67%), and the disease areas are widely distributed and the season is obvious. After 1996, the backward age of high-risk age group was significant. The proportion of outbreaks of joint ventures and wholly-owned enterprises rose rapidly. Migrant population became the hidden danger of hepatitis A outbreak in this Municipality. By formulating and adopting practical control measures, the peak incidence of hepatitis A gradually declines. However, with the change of key prevention and control targets, prevention and control strategies should be adjusted accordingly.