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为探讨ＲＳＶ感染导致的细支气管炎和肺炎的发病机理，以ＲＳＶ感染棉鼠和小白鼠为动物模型，利用光镜、透射电镜和扫描电镜观察鼠肺组织的病理变化，并分离病毒。感染第５天时，肺微血管内充以大量嗜酸性粒细胞、淋巴细胞、单核细胞。柱状纤毛上皮细胞、基底细胞和Ｃｌａｒａ细胞脱落、坏死。嗜酸性粒细胞和肥大细胞多呈活化和脱颗粒状态，释放于固有层和上皮细胞之间。感染第８天后，上述变化明显减轻，但未完全恢复。提示ＲＳＶ致过敏反应是重要病因，肺泡腔内嗜酸性粒细胞聚集是该病的重要病理特征。
In order to investigate the pathogenesis of bronchiolitis and pneumonia caused by RSV infection, cotton and mouse were infected with RSV for animal models. Pathological changes of lung tissues were observed by light microscope, transmission electron microscope and scanning electron microscope. On day 5 of infection, the pulmonary capillaries were infused with a large number of eosinophils, lymphocytes and monocytes. Columnar ciliated epithelial cells, basal cells and Clara cells shedding and necrosis. Eosinophils and mast cells are mostly activated and degranulation, release between the lamina propria and epithelial cells. After the eighth day of infection, the above changes were significantly reduced, but not completely recovered. Tip RSV allergic reaction is an important cause of alveolar eosinophil aggregation is an important pathological features of the disease.