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目的应用铁强化燕麦饮料改善儿童铁营养状况。方法选取北京市顺义区某小学一、二年级6~8岁学生294名,男女各半,将其分为两组。两组均不改变日常饮食,干预组每日饮用250 ml饮料,对照组不给饮料。干预1年后,采用连续3日24小时膳食回顾法调查所有学生的膳食摄入情况,计算干预前后膳食中铁摄入量,用智力测试量表检测研究对象的智力,并检测学生干预前后握力、血清铁、血清转铁蛋白及转铁蛋白受体。结果干预前后膳食中铁摄入量干预组和对照组之间均无统计学差异。干预前后各组铁的膳食摄入量结果显示,女生高于干预前(P<0.05)。对照组男生铁干预后的膳食摄入量高于干预前(P<0.05)。干预前两组血清铁水平无显著性差异,干预试验后干预组的血清铁水平和增加值均高于对照组(P<0.05)。干预前两组间的血清FER水平无显著性差别,干预后干预组增加量高于对照组(P<0.05)。干预前后,男生血清TFR水平和差值两组之间无统计学意义。结论铁强化燕麦饮料干预明显提高了儿童铁的营养水平。
Objective To improve the status of iron nutrition in children by using iron fortified oat beverage. Methods A total of 294 students, aged 6-8 years old, from a primary school and a secondary school in Shunyi District of Beijing were selected, divided into two groups. The two groups did not change the daily diet, the intervention group daily drink 250 ml beverage, the control group did not drink. One year after the intervention, the dietary intake of all students was investigated using the 24-hour diet review on the 3rd for three consecutive days to calculate the dietary iron intake before and after the intervention. The intelligence test scale was used to test the intelligence of the subjects and the grip strength before and after the intervention was detected. Serum iron, serum transferrin and transferrin receptor. Results Before and after the intervention, there was no significant difference in the iron intake between the intervention group and the control group. Dietary intake of iron in each group before and after intervention showed that girls were higher than before intervention (P <0.05). The dietary intake of iron in the control group was higher than that before the intervention (P <0.05). Serum iron levels were not significantly different between the two groups before intervention, but serum iron levels and added values in the intervention group after intervention were higher than those in the control group (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in serum FER levels between the two groups before intervention, but the increase in intervention group after intervention was higher than that in control group (P <0.05). Before and after intervention, there was no significant difference between the two groups in serum TFR level and difference in boys. Conclusion Iron-fortified oat beverage significantly increased iron nutrition in children.