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目的 探讨水下冲击伤后犬肺的病理学改变。方法 成年杂种犬3 7只,布放于离爆心3 5～17 5m处,分别用2 0 0、5 0 0g和10 0 0gTNT水下3m爆炸,水中压力传感器测定冲击波物理参数,观察伤后肺的大体形态学改变以及光镜和电镜下组织结构的变化。结果 肺损伤的发生率达83 7% ,大体形态学改变主要为肺出血、肺水肿及少数肺撕裂;光镜下可见肺泡腔内有大量的红细胞及纤维蛋白渗出;电镜下可见肺泡壁毛细血管内皮细胞破坏严重,部分线粒体出现空泡变与髓鞘样结构,核膜不完整等特点。结论 严重的肺出血和肺水肿可能为动物水下冲击伤早期死亡的主要原因。
Objective To investigate the pathological changes of canine lungs after underwater impact injury. METHODS: Thirty-seven adult hybrid dogs were placed at 3-5 m to 175 m away from the detonating heart and exploded underwater with 3m submerges of 200,000 tons and 1,000 grams of trinitrate (NTT) respectively. The physical parameters of the shockwave were measured with a water pressure transducer. The general morphological changes and light microscopy and electron microscopy of tissue structure changes. Results The incidence of lung injury was 83.7%. The main morphological changes were pulmonary hemorrhage, pulmonary edema and few lung tears. A large number of erythrocytes and fibrin exudation were found in the alveolar space under light microscope. Capillary endothelial cells were severely damaged, and some mitochondria were vacuolar and myelin-like structures, and the nuclear membrane was incomplete. Conclusions Severe pulmonary hemorrhage and pulmonary edema may be the main causes of early death of animals under the impact of underwater injury.