近海蕴藏着大量的石油和天然气资源,据1977年估计,全世界石油储藏量470亿吨,其中七分之一在近海.英国自六十年代开发北海油田后,到七十年代就达到几乎完全自给自足的程度.日本于1976年底,对其周围水深达500m以内的海底进行过全面的调查,估计可供开采的石油储藏量达13亿吨,计划到1995年,达到自给.目前世界上已有80多个国家进行海底石油钻探,40多个国家从事 Offshore reserves contain large amounts of oil and gas resources, which, according to estimates in 1977, amount to 47 billion tons of oil reserves worldwide, of which one in seven is near the sea. Since the development of the North Sea oil field in the 1960s, Britain reached almost complete The extent of self-sufficiency: Japan conducted a comprehensive survey of the seabed within 500 meters of its surrounding area at the end of 1976. It estimated that the reserves of oil available for exploitation reached 1.3 billion tons and it is planned to achieve self-sufficiency by 1995. More than 80 countries have offshore oil drilling in more than 40 countries