目的　探讨急性白血病（ＡＬ）化疗后骨髓组织细胞血噬现象与临床及预后的关系。方法　对３５ 例初治ＡＬ患者每次化疗前均作骨髓分析，并对其临床表现及骨髓象长期随访。结果　化疗后伴发（化疗相关） 噬血细胞综合征（ＨＳ）７ 例，其全缓解期及生存期均显著长于化疗后未伴发ＨＳ者。结论　ＡＬ化疗相关ＨＳ被认为是疗效和预后较佳及患者免疫功能较强的血液学表现。 Objective To investigate the relationship between the blood cell phagocytosis of bone marrow cells and clinical and prognosis after acute leukemia (AL) chemotherapy. Methods The bone marrow analysis was performed on 35 patients with newly diagnosed AL before each chemotherapy. The clinical manifestations and bone marrow imaging were followed for a long time. Results Seven patients with hemophagocytic syndrome (HS) associated with chemotherapy (chemotherapy-related) were significantly more likely to have complete remission and survival than those who did not develop HS after chemotherapy. Conclusions AL chemotherapy-related HS is considered to be a hematological manifestation with better efficacy and prognosis and stronger immune function in patients.