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目的探讨热性惊厥患儿脑电图异常率与热性惊厥复发、日后癫痫发作的关系。方法回顾性分析196例热性惊厥患儿的临床表现、预后与脑电图异常的关系,并探讨影响热性惊厥患儿继发癫痫(EP)的危险因素。结果本组196例患儿EEG正常118例(60.20%),异常78例(39.80%)。EEG异常率与患者年龄、惊厥家族史、发热温度、热性惊厥类型、发作类型、发作次数及惊厥持续时间有密切关系(P<0.01)。196例患儿有78例(39.80%)复发,8例(4.08%)转为癫痫。脑电图异常组热性惊厥复发频率高于正常组,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),两组癫痫发生率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论脑电图对观察热性惊厥患儿的脑功能状态、预后评估及早期发现癫痫有重要价值。
Objective To investigate the relationship between EEG abnormality rate and recurrence of febrile seizures and future epileptic seizures in children with febrile seizures. Methods The clinical manifestations, prognosis and EEG abnormalities in 196 children with febrile seizures were retrospectively analyzed. The risk factors of secondary epilepsy (EP) in children with febrile seizures were also investigated. Results The EEG of 196 cases in this group was normal in 118 cases (60.20%) and abnormal in 78 cases (39.80%). The abnormal rate of EEG was closely related to patient’s age, family history of convulsion, fever temperature, type of febrile seizure, type of seizure, frequency of seizure and duration of seizure (P <0.01). Of the 196 children, 78 (39.80%) relapsed and 8 (4.08%) became epilepsy. The recurrence frequency of febrile seizures in the EEG abnormal group was higher than that in the normal group, but the difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). The difference of epilepsy between the two groups was statistically significant (P <0.01). Conclusion EEG has important value in the observation of brain function, prognosis and early detection of epilepsy in children with febrile seizures.