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目的对2000~2015年广西出生缺陷防控有关的指标进行分析,为政府部门制定出生缺陷干预措施提供参考依据。方法收集2000~2015年广西出生缺陷一级、二级预防策略的相关统计资料,对广西出生缺陷防控中的婚前医学检查、增补叶酸、地中海贫血防控、出生缺陷发生情况等资料进行分析。结果 (1)婚检率:2000~2015年婚检率为50.67%,2004~2009年婚检率为6.09%,2010~2015年免费婚检率为91.67%,2010~2015年免费婚检率是2004~2009年婚检率的15.06倍。2000~2015年婚检检出疾病524 416例,以生殖系统(3.35%)和内科系统疾病(2.69%)为主。(2)叶酸服用:2010~2015年叶酸服用人数4 180 564人,2010年叶酸服用率为64.22%,2015年97.58%,增幅为51.95%;2010年叶酸服用依从率为39.66%,2015年提高至93.20%,增幅为135.00%;2010年群众对服用叶酸的知晓率为90.58%,2015年提高至97.48%,增幅为7.62%。(3)产前筛查、诊断:产前筛查率和产前诊断率逐年提高,2003年产前筛查率为9.61%,产前诊断率为0.40%,2010~2015年分别提高到56.83%、20.25%,分别是2003年、2004~2009年的5.91倍、2.91倍和50.63倍、11.57倍。(4)地贫筛查:2010~2015年进行地中海贫血筛查9 794 546人,完成基因诊断478 243人;查出中间型和重型地贫胎儿8 048例。(5)出生缺陷:2000~2015年出生缺陷发生率为121.46/万,发生率呈由高至低的变化趋势,最常见的出生缺陷是先天性心脏病和胎儿水肿综合征。结论政策的出台对出生缺陷防控效果有影响,从2010年起全面落实以一级、二级预防为主的出生缺陷综合防控策略后,产前筛查率和产前诊断率逐年提高,出生缺陷发生率逐年下降。
Objective To analyze the indicators related to prevention and control of birth defects in Guangxi from 2000 to 2015, and provide reference for government departments to formulate birth defects intervention measures. Methods The data of primary and secondary prevention strategies for birth defects in Guangxi from 2000 to 2015 were collected to analyze premarital medical examination, folic acid supplementation, prevention and control of thalassemia, and birth defects in birth control in Guangxi. Results (1) The rate of premarital examination: The rate of premarital examination from 2000 to 2015 was 50.67%, the rate of premarital examination was 6.09% from 2004 to 2009, the rate of premarital examination was 91.67% from 2010 to 2015, and the rate of premarital examination from 2010 to 2015 was from 2004 to 2009 15.06 times the rate of premarital examination. 524 416 cases of premarital examination were found during 2000-2015, mainly reproductive system (3.35%) and medical system diseases (2.69%). (2) Taking of folic acid: taking 4 180 564 people taking folic acid from 2010 to 2015, the taking rate of folic acid was 64.22% in 2010 and 97.58% in 2015, an increase of 51.95%; folic acid taking compliance rate was 39.66% in 2010 and increased in 2015 To 93.20%, an increase of 135.00%; in 2010 the crowd awareness of taking folic acid 90.88%, in 2015 increased to 97.48%, an increase of 7.62%. (3) Prenatal screening and diagnosis: The prenatal screening rate and the prenatal diagnosis rate increased year by year. The prenatal screening rate was 9.61% in 2003, the prenatal diagnosis rate was 0.40%, and from 2010 to 2015 to 56.83 % And 20.25%, respectively, in 2003 and 2004 to 2009 5.91 times, 2.91 times and 50.63 times and 11.57 times respectively. (4) Thalassemia screening: 9,794,546 people have been screened for thalassemia from 2010 to 2015, 478,243 people completed genetic diagnosis, and 8,048 cases of intermediate and severe adolescent anemia were detected. (5) Birth defects: The incidence of birth defects in 2000 ~ 2015 was 121.46 / million, with a trend from high to low. The most common birth defects were congenital heart disease and fetal edema syndrome. Conclusion The promulgation of policies has an impact on the prevention and control of birth defects. Since 2010, the comprehensive prevention and control strategy of birth defects, with primary and secondary prevention as the mainstay, has been implemented. The prenatal screening rate and prenatal diagnosis rate have been increasing year by year. The incidence of birth defects declines year by year.