论文部分内容阅读
采用滴灌和薄膜覆盖生产烤烟与常规生产烤烟相比 ,由于管理加强、产量潜力大以及根部可能发生的形态变化 ,可能需要更多的氮肥才能获得最佳的产量和质量。在薄膜覆盖 /滴灌生产系统 ,养分可在移栽前施用或将肥料溶液直接注入滴灌系统。为确定滴灌 /薄膜覆盖系统的最佳施氮量和施氮方法 ,1994年和 1995年在美国南卡罗莱纳州进行了田间试验。氮肥处理为 :84、10 0、118和 134kg/hm2N ,配合采用移栽前施肥和肥料溶液注入滴灌系统两种施肥方法。随着施氮量的增加 ,烤后烟叶的产量、级指、叶片中含氮量均提高 ,还原糖含量降低 ,总植物碱含量和烟叶的糖碱比稍有提高。移栽前施肥和将肥料注入滴灌系统两种施肥方法 ,在产量、质量和烤后烟叶化学成分方面的效果相同。
The use of drip irrigation and film mulch to produce flue-cured tobacco may require more nitrogen fertilizer to achieve the best yield and quality due to better management, greater yield potential, and morphological changes that may occur in the root than conventional fumigation. In film mulching / drip irrigation systems, nutrients can be applied before transplanting or the fertilizer solution can be injected directly into the drip irrigation system. Field experiments were conducted in 1994 and 1995 in South Carolina, USA, to determine the optimal nitrogen application rate and nitrogen application for the drip / film cover system. The nitrogen fertilizer treatments were 84, 10 0, 118 and 134 kg / hm2N, which were used in combination with two fertilization methods of drip irrigation before fertilization and fertilizer solution injection. With the increase of nitrogen application rate, the yield, grade index and nitrogen content of the leaves increased after roasting, the content of reducing sugar decreased, the total plant alkali content and the ratio of nicotine to base of tobacco increased slightly. Fertilizer application before transplanting and fertilizer application into drip irrigation systems have the same effect on yield, quality and chemical composition after roasting.