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对115例出生时Apgar评分≤7分的新生儿进行B型超声检查。结果有48例超声检查正常(41.7%),缺氧缺血性脑病36例(31.3%),颅内出血26例(22.6%)。脑室扩大5例(4.4%)。Apgar评分低不伴有神经系统症状、体征者超声检查正常率为82.9%,而伴神经系统症状、体征者81.9%患儿超声检查发现异常。超声随访发现缺氧缺血性脑病、颅内出血者脑室扩大者多:轻到中度脑室扩大53.8%(14/26),进行性脑室扩大11.5%(3/16)。对72例临床及实验室资料回顾性分析发现,pH<7.25,PCO_2>6.7kPa,颅内出血组明显高于正常组,因此在抢救窒息新生儿时,加强呼吸管理及维持内环境稳定很重要。
One hundred and fifteen newborns with Apgar score ≤7 at birth were examined by type B ultrasound. Results 48 cases of normal ultrasound (41.7%), hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy in 36 cases (31.3%), intracranial hemorrhage in 26 cases (22.6%). Ventricular enlargement in 5 cases (4.4%). Apgar score low without neurological symptoms, signs of normal rate of ultrasound was 82.9%, while with neurological symptoms, signs of 81.9% of children with abnormal findings of ultrasound. Ultrasound follow-up found that hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, intracranial hemorrhage were more ventricular enlargement: mild to moderate ventricular enlargement 53.8% (14/26), progressive ventricular enlargement 11.5% (3/16). Retrospective analysis of 72 clinical and laboratory data found that pH <7.25, PCO 2> 6.7 kPa, intracranial hemorrhage was significantly higher than the normal group, so in rescuing newborn infants, strengthening respiratory management and maintaining the stability of the internal environment is very important.