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目的:检测宫颈癌和宫颈上皮内瘤样病变中的3号染色体和TERC基因的扩增情况。方法:采用双色荧光原位杂交技术(FISH)以hTERC/CSP3 DNA探针检测64例宫颈癌及36例宫颈上皮内瘤样病变脱落细胞中的TERC基因的表达率。结果:CINⅠ、CINⅡ、CINⅢ和宫颈癌TERC基因阳性表达率分别为16.67%(2/12)、50.00%(4/8)、81.25%(13/16)、95.31%(61/64),正常组、CINⅠ、CINⅡ、CINⅢ和宫颈癌的TERC基因阳性量分别为2.3±1.4,3.8±2.9,7.4±2.4,17.8±16.9,47.6±26.2,阳性率随着病变程度的加重而增高。宫颈癌病理检查与荧光原位杂交法对TERC基因阳性情况表达比较,无统计学差异。正常组与CINⅠ、CINⅡ,CINⅠ与CINⅡ基因阳性表达量比较均无统计学意义(P>0.05);而正常组与CINⅢ,CIN I与CINⅢ比较有明显统计学差异(P<0.001),CINⅡ与CINⅢ比较有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论:FISH技术能定量检测TERC基因并可鉴别细胞的癌变,可作为宫颈癌的诊断手段之一。检测TERC扩增可以帮助确定低分化病变的高风险和降低细胞学检查的假阴性。
Objective: To detect the amplification of chromosome 3 and TERC gene in cervical cancer and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Methods: The expression of TERC gene in 64 cases of cervical cancer and 36 cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia was detected by two-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with hTERC / CSP3 DNA probe. Results The positive rates of CINⅠ, CINⅡ, CINⅢ and cervical cancer TERC were 16.67% (2/12), 50.00% (4/8), 81.25% (13/16) and 95.31% (61/64), respectively The positive rates of TERC in group CINⅠ, CINⅡ, CINⅢ and cervical cancer were 2.3 ± 1.4, 3.8 ± 2.9, 7.4 ± 2.4, 17.8 ± 16.9 and 47.6 ± 26.2, respectively. The positive rate of TERC increased with the severity of disease. Cervical cancer pathological examination and fluorescence in situ hybridization TERC gene positive expression comparison, no significant difference. There was no significant difference between normal group and CINⅠ, CINⅡ, CINⅠand CINⅡgene expression (P> 0.05), but there was significant difference between CINⅢand CINⅢin normal group (P <0.001) CIN Ⅲ was statistically significant difference (P <0.05). Conclusion: The FISH technique can detect TERC gene quantitatively and identify the cell carcinogenesis, which can be used as a diagnostic tool for cervical cancer. Testing for TERC amplification can help identify the high risk of poorly differentiated lesions and reduce false-negative cytology.