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目的:探讨一种快速准确普查及诊断鼻咽癌(NPC)的方法。方法:应用聚合酶链反应(PCR)技术对临床怀疑NPC的144例患者的鼻咽组织和鼻咽脱落细胞中EB病毒(EBV)DNA进行检测,并与病理诊断对照。结果:PCR技术检测鼻咽组织中EBV DNA诊断NPC的敏感性和特异性分别为92.16%和80.95%;检测鼻咽脱落细胞中EBV DNA诊断NPC的敏感性和特异性分别为86.27%和71.43%,其差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论:检测鼻咽脱落细胞中EBV快速、简单,患者痛苦小,敏感性和特异性均较高,可用于NPC的诊断;对NPC的普查及流行病学调查尤其方便、实用,值得推广。对凡是EBV检测阳性的患者均应提高警惕,追踪观察。
Objective: To explore a rapid and accurate method for screening and diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA in nasopharyngeal tissues and nasopharyngeal exfoliated cells of 144 patients with clinically suspected NPC were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique and compared with the pathological diagnosis. Results: The sensitivity and specificity of PCR for the detection of EBV DNA in nasopharyngeal tissues were 92.16% and 80.95%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of detecting EBV DNA in nasopharyngeal exfoliated cells were 86.27% and 71.43% , The difference was not statistically significant (all P> 0.05). Conclusion: The detection of EBV in nasopharyngeal exfoliated cells is rapid and simple, the patient has little pain, high sensitivity and specificity, which can be used for the diagnosis of NPC. The general survey and epidemiological investigation of NPC are particularly convenient, practical and worth promoting. All patients with positive EBV test should be vigilant, follow-up observation.