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本文介绍瑞典一个有关窄矿体机械化采矿技术的研究项目。调研表明,分层充填采矿法是窄矿体最常用的采矿方法,但其缺点是劳动生产率低和生产成本高。人员和设备在采矿场外面,即在采矿场上部或下部进行作业的采矿方法,比别的采矿方法优越。适用于窄矿体的设备有限。目前还没有机械化的岩石支护设备。选择维埃勒蒙塔格纳(Vieille Montag-ne)公司下属的赞克格鲁旺(zinkgruvan)矿的一个有代表性的矿体,对不同的采矿方法进行评价。评价分两阶段进行,即劳动生产率分析和费用分析。开采窄矿体的最重要因素,是使贫化率保持低水平。本文将废石引起的贫化分为两类,即采矿方法本身不可避免的一次贫化和难以控制的二次贫化,后者可用光面爆破法使之降低。根据预期的二次贫化率,按四种可能进行分析,把两个不同的矿石损失率与二次贫化结合起来考虑。借助一个专门开发的计算机程序进行评价工作。本文提出了不同采矿方法的评价结果。文章还介绍了赞克格鲁旺矿为了评价目前在窄矿体使用的采矿方法所进行的采矿试验结果。
This article presents a Swedish research project on narrow-body mechanized mining technology. Research shows that stratified charge mining is the most commonly used method for mining narrow bodies, but has the disadvantages of low labor productivity and high production costs. Personnel and equipment Outside the mining yard, that is, mining methods operating above or below the mining yard, are superior to other mining methods. Equipment suitable for narrow bodies is limited. There is no mechanical rock support equipment. Choose a representative ore body from the Zinkgruvan mine under Vieille Montagne and evaluate different mining methods. The evaluation is conducted in two stages, namely labor productivity analysis and cost analysis. The most important factor in mining narrow bodies is to keep the rate of depletion low. In this paper, the depletion caused by waste rock can be divided into two categories, that is, inevitable depletion and uncontrolled secondary depletion of the mining method, and the latter can be reduced by smooth blasting. Based on the expected secondary dilution rate, four possible analyzes are conducted, taking into account two different ore loss rates combined with secondary depletion. Evaluate with a specially developed computer program. This paper presents the evaluation results of different mining methods. The paper also presents the results of the mining tests carried out at the Zankroğwan mine in order to evaluate the mining methods currently used in narrow ore bodies.