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目的探讨宁夏沙鼠动物间鼠疫发生的时空分布,为鼠疫的预测及预警提供指导。方法收集整理40多年来宁夏沙鼠鼠疫的相关资料,采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果 1969─2013年宁夏沙鼠鼠疫疫源地共检出鼠疫野毒菌341株,其中动物检菌301株,媒介昆虫检菌40株;发生动物间鼠疫流行16年次,活鼠阳性检菌率1.54%,自毙鼠阳性检菌率高达60.32%;蚤的集组培养阳性检菌率为1.37%。结论春季为沙鼠动物间鼠疫的好发季节,应强化自毙鼠预警机制,建立以抗性鼠血清学为主的监测模式。
Objective To investigate the temporal and spatial distribution of plague in Ningxia gerbils and provide guidance for the prediction and early warning of plague. Methods To collect and sort out the related data of plague in Ningxia for more than 40 years, and to describe the epidemiological method. Results A total of 341 plague germs were detected in the plague foci of Ningxia gerbils from 1969 to 2013. Among them, 301 strains of animals and 40 strains of vector insects were detected. Among the animal plague epidemics occurred 16 years ago, Rate of 1.54%, since the dead positiv test positive rate as high as 60.32%; flea collection group positive culture rate was 1.37%. Conclusions Spring is the season for the onset of plague in gerbils and should strengthen the early-warning mechanism of self-immigrant mice and set up a monitoring model mainly based on serology of resistant mice.