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考虑在面对上游EPR政策和下游的庇古税等环境规制约束下,制造商如何进行生态设计和生产决策。在此基础上运用生命周期评价方法求解社会福利最大时的最优政策组合水平。获得有意义的结论和建议:(1)回收处理基金和庇古税的总和恒定且可以互相替代;(2)推导出最优回收处理基金征收模型,基金确定要考虑销售价格、生命周期的外部环境成本、产品生态特征及产品垄断势力等因素;(3)建议回收处理应尽可能采用市场机制或要求制造商内部化回收处理。
Consider how manufacturers make eco-design and production decisions in the face of environmental regulations such as upstream EPR policies and downstream Pigouvian taxes. On this basis, life cycle assessment method is applied to find out the optimal policy portfolio level when social welfare is the largest. Obtain meaningful conclusions and recommendations: (1) The sum of the Recycling Fund and Pigovian Tax is constant and can be substituted for each other; (2) Deriving the levying model of the optimal Recycling Fund, which determines the selling price, the external life cycle Environmental costs, ecological characteristics of products and product monopoly power and other factors; (3) recommended that the recycling process should be as far as possible the use of market mechanisms or require manufacturers to internalize recycling.