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本文探讨的是西方文学中人类追求意识逐层展开的历史线索。古希腊悲剧与神话 ,是人类用自己绮丽的想象力创造出的第一个自由理想国 ,寄寓了原始初民追求自由理想的创造力和希望 ,同时也表现了对人在追求过程中的个体本位文化致命弱点的深深忧虑 ;文艺复兴以后的西方文学 ,表现的是人类追求意识的第二阶段 ,即马克思所说的“对物的依赖基础上的独立性”阶段 ;西方历史跨入二十世纪门槛后 ,高度发达的智慧将人类面对自然和社会的追求又进一步转向面对自身的探索 ,“西西弗斯的神话”和“海明威的故事”说明同样的真理 ,人可以被毁灭 ,却不能被战胜 ,西方人开始了对不存在的终极目标的无休止追求。
This article explores the historical clues that human beings pursue their consciousness layer by layer in western literature. The ancient Greek tragedy and mythology are the first free ideals created by mankind with their own beautiful imagination. They embody the creativity and hope of the primitive people in pursuit of the ideal of freedom, and at the same time show the individual standard of pursuing the people Western culture after the Renaissance shows the second phase of human pursuit of consciousness, that is, the stage of Marx’s “independence based on the dependence of things”; the western history has stepped into the twentieth After the threshold of the century, the highly developed wisdom turned the pursuit of mankind in the face of nature and society to turn further to the exploration of himself. The same truth can be ruled out from the myth of Sisyphus and the story of Hemingway that human beings can be destroyed Can not be overcome, Westerners began the endless pursuit of non-existent ultimate goal.