中国的煤和瓦斯突出矿井占全部煤矿的17％,其主要的预防措施为:钻孔预排瓦斯,金属骨架,水力冲孔,震动放炮和开采解放层。但是在五十年代和六十年代,钻孔预排瓦斯的措施在许多危险地区不能完全有效地防止石门揭穿煤层的突出事故。这是由于当时预排瓦斯的钻孔仅布置在石门断面内,而且钻孔的数量不足,以致某些突出强度超过千吨的大突出能够发生于已打过6～10个钻孔的石门断面上。1971年以后采用了新的排瓦斯钻孔布置方法,即是在石门周边造成一个120～200米~2的卸压和排瓦斯范围以防止突出。理论和实践表明这一方法具有良好的防止突出的效果。 The coal and gas outburst mines in China account for 17% of the total coal mines. The main preventive measures are: pre-drainage of boreholes, metal skeletons, hydraulic punching, blasting of vibrations and recovery of the liberated layer. However, in the 1950s and 1960s, the pre-venting of gas through boreholes in many areas of danger did not completely prevent the sudden accident of exposing the seams through the coal seam. This is because at that time the pre-drainage gas was drilled only in Shihmen section and the number of boreholes was not enough so that some of the prominent overhangs of over 1000 tons could occur in Shihmen sections that had hit 6 to 10 boreholes on. Since 1971, a new arrangement of gas drainage holes has been adopted to create a pressure relief and drainage range of 120 ~ 200m ~ 2 around the Shihmen to prevent it from protruding. Theory and practice show that this method has a good effect of preventing salient.