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对当前(69份)与20世纪70年代(66份)云南元阳哈尼梯田135份地方稻种的23个农艺性状进行鉴定评价。结果表明,23个农艺性状多样性指数(H′)的平均值为1.801,其中当前和过去分别为1.766和1.784;当前和过去变异系数的平均值分别为21.7%和19.5%;表型类型丰富,当前地方稻种的多样性保存状况好。主要表型特性是红米类型多,有84份,占62.2%;落粒性强,7级以上的稻种有120份,占88.9%;大穗多粒型丰富,穗长和每穗总粒数平均分别为24.8cm和175.0粒。筛选出紫糯、月亮谷等16份优异资源,可供深入研究与育种利用。
Totally 23 agronomic traits of 135 local rice varieties were evaluated in the present (69) and in the 1970s (66) in 135 Hani terraces in Yuanyang, Yunnan. The results showed that the average of 23 agronomic traits diversity index (H ’) was 1.801, the current and past were 1.766 and 1.784 respectively; the average of current and past variation coefficient was 21.7% and 19.5% respectively; the phenotypic types were abundant At present, the diversity of rice species is well conserved. The main phenotypic characteristics were that there were more red rice types, 84, accounting for 62.2%; 120 with more drop shattering, more than Grade 7, accounting for 88.9%; large panicles with plentiful grains, spike length and panicle per head The average number of particles were 24.8cm and 175.0 tablets. 16 excellent resources, such as purple waxy and moon valley, were screened for further research and breeding.