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洪流演进就是在给定等截面河槽上将其上游入口断面的已知入流过程，推算成下游出口断面的出流过程．它可通过求解圣维南（Ｓ—Ｖ）方程的数值解得到，也可以利用辨识模型（如黑箱模型）经观测资料率定而得．洪流演进模型应能用于推算河槽上一个或多个断面的流量过程，因而要求模型中至少有一个参数与河段的长度有关，而且还要求将整个河槽作为一个河段进行演算的结果，必须与将河槽分为多个子河段进行分段连续演算的出流过程一致，即演算所得的出口断面流量过程与河槽的分段数及河段的长度无关．演进模型的性质结模型施加了某些约束条件，如模型是线性的，应对模型的脉冲响应函数施加限制．本文将推得这些限制条件，并将其应用到线性河槽模型和扩散模拟模型中．
Flood evolution is the known inflow of the upstream cross-section of a given cross-section of the river channel, which is estimated as the outflow process of the downstream exit cross-section. It can be obtained by solving the numerical solution of the S-V equation, or by using the identification model (such as a black box model) obtained from the observed data. The flood evolution model should be able to calculate the flow of one or more sections of a river channel and therefore requires that at least one parameter of the model be related to the length of the river and that the entire channel be calculated as a result of a river channel. It is consistent with the outflow process of subdividing the river channel into multiple subsections for successive sections. That is, the calculated outlet section flow process has nothing to do with the number of sections of the river channel and the length of the river section. Properties of Evolutionary Models The junctional model imposes certain constraints, such as a linear model, imposing limits on the model’s impulse response function. This article will deduce these constraints and apply them to the linear channel model and the diffusion simulation model.