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目的了解齐齐哈尔地区流感病毒流行特点,为流感防控提供科学依据。方法采集齐齐哈尔地区2011-2015年流感样病例的鼻咽拭子标本,提取DNA,进行PCR扩增检测。核酸检测为阳性的标本进行病毒分离,采用红细胞凝集和凝集抑制试验进行鉴定和分型。结果 5 630份标本检出阳性588份,阳性率10.44%。2011-2014年各年度阳性率分别为7.29%、11.85%、12.40%、9.61%和11.08%。0~岁组阳性率12.29%,5~岁组阳性率15.29%,15~岁组阳性率9.60%,25~岁组阳性率7.72%,≥60岁组阳性率3.18%。分离出A型H1N1型170株,A型H3N2型131株,其他A型流感病毒2株;B型流感Victoria型172株,B型流感Yamaga型108株;混合型流感病毒5株。讨论齐齐哈尔地区2011-2015年流感病毒病毒株以A型H1N1、B型Victoria和Yamaga为主。
Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of influenza virus in Qiqihar region and provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of influenza. Methods Nasopharyngeal swab samples of influenza-like illness from 2011 to 2015 in Qiqihar area were collected and DNA was extracted for PCR amplification. Nucleic acid test was positive for virus isolation, the use of agglutination and agglutination inhibition test for identification and typing. Results A total of 588 positive samples were detected in 5 630 samples, the positive rate was 10.44%. The positive rates in each year from 2011 to 2014 were 7.29%, 11.85%, 12.40%, 9.61% and 11.08% respectively. The positive rate was 12.29% in 0 ~ group, 15.29% in 5 ~ group, 9.60% in 15 ~ group, 7.72% in 25 ~ group, and 3.18% in group of ≥60 years. 170 strains of type A H1N1, 131 strains of type A H3N2 and 2 strains of other influenza A viruses were isolated. There were 172 strains of type B influenza in Victoria, 108 strains of type B in Yamaga and 5 strains of mixed type influenza. Discussion Qiqihar 2011-2015 influenza virus strains A type H1N1, B Victoria and Yamaga dominated.