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目的:探讨乳腺癌手术后常见及少见并发症的防治。方法:回顾分析486例乳腺癌手术后出现并发症的原因及处理方法。结果:486例乳腺癌术后发生的并发症:皮瓣积液182例,患肢功能障碍130例,皮瓣坏死26例,患肢淋巴水肿22例,患肢橡皮肿3例,切口感染5例,术后大出血2例,顽固性淋巴瘘1例。结论:乳腺癌术后皮瓣积液、上肢功能障碍、皮瓣坏死等并发症发生率较高。术中彻底止血,仔细结扎淋巴管,保持适当的皮瓣张力进行缝合,保护肋间臂神经、胸大肌神经血管及术后功能锻炼是预防关键。
Objective: To investigate the prevention and treatment of common and rare complications after breast cancer surgery. Methods: Retrospective analysis of 486 cases of postoperative complications of breast cancer causes and treatment. Results: Complications occurred in 486 cases of postoperative breast cancer: flap effusion in 182 cases, limb dysfunction in 130 cases, flap necrosis in 26 cases, limb lymphedema in 22 cases, limb gums in 3 cases, incision infection in 5 cases Cases, postoperative hemorrhage in 2 cases, refractory lymphatic fistula in 1 case. Conclusion: The incidence of postoperative flap effusion, upper extremity dysfunction and necrosis of flaps is higher in patients with breast cancer. Intraoperative complete hemostasis, carefully ligation of lymphatic vessels, to maintain the appropriate flap tension for suture, protection of intercostobrachial nerve, pectoralis major neurovascular and postoperative functional exercise is the key to prevention.