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目的了解广东省惠州市居民死亡水平及死因谱特点,为相关部门制定疾病防治策略提供依据。方法收集2013-2015年惠州市2个国家级死因监测点惠阳区、博罗县的死因监测资料,死因分类按照国际疾病分类标准(ICD-10)进行编码,应用DeathReg和SPSS16.0软件分析死亡率和死因构成。结果 2013-2015年两监测点报告死亡率为341.16/10万,其中男性为364.82/10万,女性为313.30/10万。60岁以上老年人群占全部死亡构成的73.7%。男性、女性60岁以上老年人群死亡病例分别占67.3%和82.4%。前5位的死因依次为:心脑血管疾病、恶性肿瘤、呼吸系统疾病、内分泌营养代谢性疾病、伤害,死亡率分别为:152.76/10万、75.96/10万、37.86/10万、15.25/10万、13.70/10万,分别占总死亡的44.8%、22.3%、11.1%、4.5%、4.0%,前5位死因合计占总死亡的86.7%。女性心脑血管疾病、内分泌营养代谢疾病死亡率高于男性,男性恶性肿瘤、呼吸系统疾病、伤害死亡率明显高于女性(均P<0.05)。结论以心脑血管疾病、恶性肿瘤、呼吸系统疾病等疾病为主的慢性非传染性疾病是危害惠州市惠阳区、博罗县居民健康的主要疾病,男性的死亡率高于女性,60岁以上老人是重点关注人群。
Objective To understand the death level and the cause of death spectrum of residents in Huizhou City of Guangdong Province and provide the basis for the relevant departments to formulate disease prevention and control strategies. Methods The data of cause of death monitoring in Huiyang District and Boluo County were collected from 2013 to 2015 in Huizhou City. The causes of death were collected according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10). DeathReg and SPSS16.0 software were used to analyze the death Rate and cause of death constitute. Results The reported mortality rate was 341.16 / lakh at two monitoring points between 2013 and 2015, of which 364.82 / lakh for males and 313.30 / lakh for females. Elderly people over the age of 60 accounted for 73.7% of all deaths. Male and female deaths in the elderly over the age of 60 accounted for 67.3% and 82.4%. The top five causes of death were as follows: cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, malignant tumors, respiratory diseases, endocrine nutritional and metabolic diseases, injuries and death rates were 152.76 / 100000, 75.96 / 100000, 37.86 / 100000, 15.25 / 100,000 and 13.70 / 100,000, respectively, accounting for 44.8%, 22.3%, 11.1%, 4.5% and 4.0% of the total respectively. The top five death causes combined accounted for 86.7% of the total deaths. Female cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, endocrine nutritional and metabolic diseases mortality is higher than men, male malignant tumors, respiratory diseases, injury mortality was significantly higher than women (all P <0.05). Conclusions Chronic non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, malignant tumors and respiratory diseases are the main diseases that endanger the health of residents in Huiyang District and Boluo County, Huizhou City. The mortality rate of males is higher than that of females, The elderly are focused on the crowd.