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病理性疼痛是指由创伤、感染、肿瘤等因素造成组织病理性改变后引起的疼痛。疼痛若持续1个月以上或在损伤组织愈合后持续存在则演变为慢性疼痛。慢性疼痛患者常伴有失眠、焦虑、抑郁等精神心理疾病,正常的生理功能和生活质量严重受损,带来许多社会经济问题。最新研究发现,表观遗传学调控可以在分子水平解释各种慢性病理性疼痛,包括炎性疼痛、神经病理性疼痛和精神源性疼痛的发病机制,进而引领其治疗手段的发展。本文围绕表观遗传学中DNA甲基化、组蛋白乙酰化和小干扰RNA(miRNA)调控这3种主要机制在慢性病理性疼痛领域的最新研究进展作一综述。
Pathological pain refers to the pain caused by histopathological changes caused by trauma, infection, tumor and other factors. If the pain persists for more than 1 month or persists after the injured tissue has healed, it develops into chronic pain. Chronic pain patients are often accompanied by mental disorders such as insomnia, anxiety and depression. Their normal physiological functions and quality of life are severely impaired, causing many socio-economic problems. Recent studies have found that epigenetic regulation can explain the pathogenesis of various chronic pathological pain at the molecular level, including inflammatory pain, neuropathic pain and psychogenic pain, leading to the development of its therapeutic approach. This review focuses on the recent advances in the three major mechanisms of DNA methylation, histone acetylation and miRNA regulation in epigenetics in the field of chronic pathological pain.