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我国目前有16个省(区、市)人均水资源量(不包括过境水)低于严重缺水线,水资源人均占有量为2200立方米,仅为世界水平的30%,全国每年因缺水增长的经济损失达到2000亿元。污染更加剧了水资源的紧张程度,中国70%以上的水体已经遭到不同程度的污染,导致水质型缺水的严峻形势。广泛开展节水治污,全面提高用水效率及效益,才能实现“两型社会”建设的宏伟目标。中水回用具有减轻污染,开源节流的双重功能,因此将中水开发为第二水源已越来越受到人们的重视。我国已建成一些中水示范工程,取得了一些成效,但这些工程量少面窄,彼此独立,不能形成一定的规模经济效益,未从根本上有效缓解宏观缺水问题。
At present, per capita water resources (excluding transiting water) in 16 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) in China are below the serious water scarce line, with a per capita amount of 2,200 cubic meters of water resources, only 30% of the world’s total. The economic loss of water growth reached 200 billion yuan. Pollution has exacerbated the tension in water resources. Over 70% of China’s water bodies have been polluted to varying degrees, resulting in the severe water shortage situation. To carry out a wide range of water-saving pollution control, improve overall water efficiency and effectiveness, in order to achieve the “two-oriented society,” the grand goal of building. Reuse of water has the dual functions of reducing pollution, increasing revenue and reducing expenditure. Therefore, it is more and more important that water resources be developed into a second water source. China has built a number of demonstration projects in the water and achieved some success. However, these projects are small in size and narrow in surface area, independent of each other and can not form a certain scale of economic benefits. They have not fundamentally effectively solved the problem of macro-water shortage.