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[目的]了解少数民族与汉族大学生对甲肝预防知识的认知情况及态度和行为特征的异同,为少数民族聚居地区有效开展学校预防传染病健康教育提供依据。[方法]自行设计问卷调查表,于2008年5月对贵州省4所高校的汉族和少数民族各200名学生进行问卷调查。[结果]少数民族学生与汉族学生在甲肝基础知识、个人生活方式等方面有一定差异;调查对象获取甲肝预防知识的途径以报刊杂志和预防传染病宣传画为主;调查对象对学校开展健康教育获取预防甲肝知识有强烈需求。[结论]学校应对少数民族大学生进行全面、系统的甲肝基础知识教育,提高预防甲肝知识水平,促进科学预防甲肝行为的形成。
[Objective] To find out the similarities and differences between ethnic minority and Han nationality college students in knowledge of prevention of hepatitis A and the similarities and differences in attitudes and behavior characteristics, and provide the basis for effective prevention of infectious diseases in schools inhabited by minority nationalities. [Method] A questionnaire was designed by ourselves. In May 2008, a questionnaire survey was conducted on 200 students of Han and minority nationalities in 4 universities in Guizhou Province. [Results] Minority students and Han students had some differences in basic knowledge of Hepatitis A and personal life style. The main means of obtaining knowledge about prevention of Hepatitis A were newspapers, magazines and prevention of infectious diseases posters; the survey subjects carried out health education in schools There is a strong demand for knowledge on preventing hepatitis A. [Conclusion] The school should carry on the comprehensive and systematic basic knowledge of hepatitis A education for the undergraduates of ethnic minorities, improve the knowledge of prevention of hepatitis A, and promote the formation of scientific prevention of hepatitis A.