本文报告二例海绵肾,第一例因对它的特征性病变认识不足,误诊为多发性肾结石而进行了不必要的手术。另一例经保守治疗,恢复良好。本文结合国内外文献,对海绵肾的发病率、病理、临床症状和治疗作了讨论。对海绵肾的诊断主要根据尿路平片和高浓度大剂量排泄性尿路造影,能显示一种特征性的X线表现。现代治疗,除合并症以外保守疗法为主。 This article reports two cases of sponge kidney, the first case of its characteristic lesions due to lack of knowledge, misdiagnosed as multiple kidney stones and carried out unnecessary surgery. Another case of conservative treatment, recovery is good. In this paper, the literature at home and abroad, the incidence of sponge kidney, pathology, clinical symptoms and treatment were discussed. The diagnosis of sponge kidney is mainly based on urinary tract plain film and high concentration of large doses of excretion urography, can show a characteristic X-ray findings. Modern treatment, in addition to complications other than conservative treatment.