β地中海贫血(以下简称β地贫)是中国地中海贫血的主要类型,分布范围广泛,尤以广东、广西、福建、云南、贵州、四川等省最多。有人估计约2—3％的中国人为β地贫基因的携带者;普查资料表明,广东为1.36％,广西1.52％,云南5.5％,贵州2.2％、四川2.2％,其中某些地区更高,如海南岛黎族为6.3％,而香港中国人中有6％为杂合子。β地中海贫血是以β珠蛋白肽链合成减少(β~+地贫)或缺如(β°地贫)引起肽链合成 β thalassemia (hereinafter referred to as β thalassemia) is a major type of thalassemia in China with a wide distribution, especially in Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Yunnan, Guizhou and Sichuan provinces. Some estimates suggest that about 2-3% of Chinese are carriers of the beta thalassemia gene. Census data show 1.36% in Guangdong, 1.52% in Guangxi, 5.5% in Yunnan, 2.2% in Guizhou and 2.2% in Sichuan, some of them higher, For example, Hainan Island is 6.3% Li, while 6% of Hong Kong Chinese are heterozygous. Beta-thalassemia is caused by a decrease in β-globin peptide synthesis (β-thalassemia) or absence (β ° thalassemia)