一、引言在设计时必须考虑地震的影响,使构造物在地震时安全。这时所考虑的地震称为设计地震。设计时考虑设计地震的方法,结合现在构造物所使用的一般方法和步调较为便利。在地震时构造物上作用一个惯性力,其值为构造物每部分质量乘以作用其上的振动加速度。此惯性力称为地震力或地震荷载。地震荷载可以分成水平及垂直分量。由 I. INTRODUCTION In the design, the influence of earthquakes must be considered so that the structure is safe during earthquakes. The earthquake considered here is called a design earthquake. Consider the design of seismic methods, combined with the current structure used in the general method and pace more convenient. An inertial force acts on the structure during an earthquake and its value is calculated by multiplying the mass of each part of the structure by the acceleration of the vibration acting thereon. This inertial force is called seismic force or earthquake load. Earthquake loads can be divided into horizontal and vertical components. by