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土壤水分对保证作物正常生长发育具有重大作用。大家都知道,用于调节植物体温度的蒸腾水分主要来自土壤中。同时,土壤水分的多寡还将直接影响到养分对植物的可给性。 在地下水矿化度较高而埋深较浅的地区,盐分可以随水分上行至土壤表层或植物根部,于水分蒸发之后,积累在那里,行将危害作物的生长。要想有效地控制土壤水分状况,防止土壤盐碱化的发生,就必须首先研究土壤水分运动及其消耗规律。 本文试图应用非饱和土壤水分运动的基本理论,对地下水垂直向上输送量和发生盐碱化的地下水临界深度进行定量分析。此外,还介绍一种野外测定土壤毛管导水率曲线的实验研究方法。
Soil moisture plays an important role in ensuring the normal growth and development of crops. As we all know, the transpiration moisture used to regulate plant temperature comes mainly from the soil. At the same time, the amount of soil moisture will directly affect the availability of nutrients to plants. In areas where the salinity of groundwater is high and the depth is shallow, salt can rise up to the soil surface or plant roots with moisture and accumulate there after it evaporates, threatening crop growth. In order to effectively control the soil moisture status and prevent the occurrence of soil salinization, we must first study the law of soil moisture movement and its consumption. This paper attempts to apply the basic theory of unsaturated soil moisture movement to quantitatively analyze the vertical upward groundwater delivery and the critical depth of salinized groundwater. In addition, a field experimental method for the determination of soil capillary hydraulic conductivity curve is also introduced.