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利用系谱追踪与SSR(simplesequencerepeats)标记分析了大豆品种绥农14号和合丰25号的遗传组成,旨在揭示国外种质在拓宽中国大豆优良品种遗传基础的贡献,为有效利用国外种质培育大豆优良品种提供依据.聚类分析结果表明,利用日本种质十胜长叶和美国种质Amsoy作亲本育成的、包括绥农14号和合丰25号在内的中国大豆品种与其系谱中其他品种存在明显差异.与其他祖先亲本相比,十胜长叶与绥农14号或合丰25号有较大的亲本系数,Amsoy与绥农14号有较大的亲本系数.绥农14号和合丰25号的遗传相似性高达60.58%,在20个LG中,以I,L和C2这3个LG上相似的染色体片段较长.在两个国外种质特有SSR变异位点中,Amsoy有5个传递给绥农14号,十胜长叶有3个传递给绥农14号.SSR标记与农艺性状的关联分析发现,十胜长叶的satt513与百粒重显著相关,Amsoy的satt192,satt545与油份显著相关,satt499与百粒重相关,推测与国外SSR特有等位变异相关的优异性状经合丰25号传给绥农14号在我国大豆品种改良中发挥了重要作用.
The genetic composition of soybean varieties Suinong 14 and Hefeng 25 was analyzed by using pedigree tracking and simple sequence repeat markers (SSR) to reveal the contribution of foreign germplasm to broaden the genetic basis of Chinese soybean elite varieties. In order to effectively utilize foreign germplasm to cultivate soybean The results of cluster analysis indicated that the Chinese soybean cultivars including Suinong 14 and Hefeng 25, and other species in its pedigree, were bred using Japanese germplasm Tokachi and American germplasm Amsoy as their parents Significant difference.Compared with other ancestral parents, the ten parents and Suinong 14 or Hefeng 25 have larger parental coefficient, Amsoy and Suinong 14 have larger parental coefficients.Suinong 14 and Hefeng The genetic similarity of 25 was as high as 60.58%, and among the 20 LGs, the similar chromosome segments of I, L and C2 were longer in LG.Amsoy had 5 Were transferred to Suinong 14, and ten of them were transferred to Suinong 14. Correlation analysis of SSR markers with agronomic traits showed that satt513 of Tenseng loaf was significantly correlated with the grain weight, while Amsoy’s satt192, satt545 Significantly related with the oil, satt499 and hundred weight phase , Presumably with foreign SSR specific alleles associated with superior traits Hefeng 25 was passed Suinong 14 played an important role in China’s soybean varieties improvement.