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1957年苏联发射第一颗人造地球卫星,标志着人类从此跨入了航天时代,为人类开辟了新的活动领域——太空领域。各种用途的航天器相继进入太空轨道,既为外层空间的开发和利用展现了美好的前景,又给太空增加了战争的疑云。太空既是经济开发的重要场所,又是超级大国军事争夺的战略要地,茫茫太空将成为与陆、海、空同样重要的战场——第四战场。未来的战争将是由陆、海、空和太空组成的四维战争。战略核导弹在四维战争中仍然具有重要作用。一、太空军事化空间科学技术的发展为军事利用外层空间开辟了道路。美苏两国在第一次成功发射各自的卫星后,很快把军事空间活动作为航天活动的主要内容。迄今为止,美国的航天器发射总数中约有三分之二具有军事用途,苏联的航天器发射总数中约有70％为纯军事目的,15％为
The first artificial Earth satellite launched by the Soviet Union in 1957 marked the beginning of mankind’s entry into the space age and opened up a new area of activity for mankind - the space field. Spacecraft of various uses have successively entered the space orbit, showing a bright future for the development and utilization of outer space and adding doubts about the war to space. Space is not only an important place for economic development, but also a strategic point for the superpower to compete in the military. The vast space will become the battlefield of the same importance as the land, sea and air - the fourth battlefield. The future war will be a four-dimensional war of land, sea, air and space. Strategic nuclear missiles still play an important role in the four-dimensional war. I. Space Militarization The development of space science and technology has opened the way for military use of outer space. After successfully launching their respective satellites for the first time, the United States and the Soviet Union quickly took military space activities as the main content of their space activities. So far, about two-thirds of the total U.S. spacecraft fleet has military uses, while about 70% of the total Soviet spacecraft fleet is purely military and 15%