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政府研发资助是引导和调控企业技术创新的重要手段。本文运用系统广义矩估计和门槛回归方法,采用2001～2008年中国37个行业的面板数据对政府研发资助政策的有效性及行业差异进行了实证分析。结果表明我国政府研发资助有效激励了企业研发动机的提高,对企业研发投入并不存在挤出效应;政府研发资助的行业差异较为显著:技术密集型行业的政府资助激励效应最强,资本密集型和资源密集型行业次之,对劳动密集型行业的激励效果不显著,最优的研发资助水平也存在显著的行业差异;此外,在不同的技术外溢强度下,政府研发资助对企业研发的激励作用呈现显著的区间效应,外溢性越大,激励作用越强越有效。
Government R & D funding is an important means to guide and control the technological innovation of enterprises. In this paper, we use the method of generalized moment estimation and threshold regression to analyze the effectiveness and industry difference of government R & D subsidy policy using the panel data of 37 industries in China from 2001 to 2008. The results show that our government R & D funding effectively stimulated the improvement of motivation for R & D of enterprises, and there was no crowding-out effect on the R & D investment of enterprises. The industry difference funded by R & D of the government was significant: the government-funded incentive effect was the strongest in the technology-intensive industries and the capital-intensive Followed by resource-intensive industries, with insignificant incentives for labor-intensive industries and significant industry differences in the level of optimal R & D funding. In addition, government R & D subsidizes the R & D incentives of enterprises under different levels of technology spillovers The effect shows a significant interval effect, the greater the spillover, the stronger and more effective incentive effect.