美国心理学家奥苏伯尔在他编著的《教育心理学》扉页上写着这样一段话:“如果我不得不把全部教育心理学还原为一条原理的话,我将会说,影响学习最重要的因素是学生已经知道了什么,根据学生的原有知识状况进行教学。”他认为,学生对先前知识的掌握程度同以后学的有关的知识成正相关。在小学数学教学中,如果学生原有认知结构的组成 Ausubel, the American psychologist, reads in the title page of his book Educational Psychology: “If I had to restore all educational psychology to one principle, I would say that it is most important to influence learning The factor is what the student already knows and teaching according to the student's original knowledge status. ”He believes that the student's mastery of prior knowledge is positively related to later learned knowledge. In primary school mathematics teaching, if the student has the original cognitive structure