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土地沙化和沙尘暴是中国北方农牧交错带严重的生态环境问题。在地理信息系统的支持下,论文建立风蚀自然因子栅格数据库;选取二连浩特—张家口为典型样带,综合运用模糊聚类技术、专家知识以及神经网络技术,构建区域风蚀危险度评估模型,分析内蒙古自治区风蚀危险性空间分布格局。结果显示:综合应用模糊聚类以及神经网络技术可以有效地对风蚀危险度进行评价,内蒙古自治区风蚀危险性呈现“西高东低、中间过渡”的总体趋势,这与该区域的自然、气候与土地利用背景较吻合,其中,风蚀极险型区域主要分布在阿拉善高原的西北部,面积6.9×104km2;强险型土壤风蚀地区主要位于阴山山脉周围、穿越巴丹吉林沙漠、浑善达克沙地与锡林郭勒盟高原西北部,面积4.3×104km2;危险型风蚀区域大致位于极险和强险之间,面积是1.5×105km2;轻险型土壤风蚀区域主要位于内蒙古的中部,面积为7.5×105km2;风蚀无险型区域主要位于大兴安岭周围,面积1.4×105km2。
Land desertification and dust storms are serious ecological and environmental problems in the ecotone between agriculture and animal husbandry in northern China. With the support of Geographic Information System (GIS), the paper builds a database of natural factors of wind erosion. Selecting Erenhot-Zhangjiakou as a typical sample zone, combining with fuzzy clustering technology, expert knowledge and neural network technology, building regional wind erosion risk assessment model, analyzing Inner Mongolia Regional wind erosion risk spatial distribution pattern. The results show that the comprehensive application of fuzzy clustering and neural network technology can effectively evaluate the risk of wind erosion, and the risk of wind erosion in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region shows an overall trend of “high in the west, low in the east, and intermediate transition”, which is closely related to the natural climate Which is consistent with the background of land use. Among them, the extremely wind erosion areas are mainly distributed in the northwestern Alashan Plateau, with an area of 6.9 × 104 km 2. The wind erosion areas of high-risk areas are mainly located around the Yinshan Mountains, crossing Badain Jaran Desert, Keshadi and Xilin Gol League plateau northwest, an area of 4.3 × 104km2; dangerous wind erosion area is located between the extremely dangerous and strong danger, the area is 1.5 × 105km2; light risk of soil erosion area is located in the central Inner Mongolia, with an area of 7.5 × 105km2; Wind erosion-free area is mainly located around Daxinganling with an area of 1.4 × 105km2.