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中国水资源严重缺乏,缺水正逐步成为制约干旱地区正常钻探的矛盾。节水钻探技术是缓解“工程型”水资源短缺,提高钻探效率的有效技术手段。本文介绍了一种基于孔内地层水局部循环的节水钻探新技术及工作机理,对节水钻具进行了大量室内外实钻实验研究,得出影响其工作性能的主要因素,并对其节水和提高钻速的效果进行了测试。研究表明:混入高压管线中的空气对节水钻探新技术的性能影响很大,应设计排气装置及时排出高压管线中的空气;节水钻探新技术适合钻进岩粉相对较少的中硬-硬地层,且宜采用大水口钻头;与传统工艺相比,节水钻探新技术能够节约地表水90%以上,同时可提高钻速10%~15%,显著降低钻探成本。
There is a serious shortage of water resources in China, and water scarcity is gradually becoming a contradiction that restricts normal drilling in arid areas. Water-saving drilling technology is to alleviate “engineering ” water shortage, improve drilling efficiency of effective technical means. In this paper, a new water-saving drilling technology and working mechanism based on the local circulation of formation water in the hole are introduced. A large number of experimental studies on water-saving drilling tools are carried out, and the main factors influencing their performance are obtained. Saving water and improving the effect of drilling speed were tested. The research shows that the air mixed into the high-pressure pipeline greatly affects the performance of the new technology of water-saving drilling. The exhaust device should be designed to discharge the air in the high-pressure pipeline in time. The new technology of water-saving drilling is suitable for drilling medium- - Hard formation, and should use a large nozzle bit; compared with the traditional technology, water-saving drilling technology can save more than 90% of surface water, while drilling speed can be increased by 10% to 15%, significantly reducing drilling costs.