论文部分内容阅读
本文对水平和垂直起飞的有翼运载器作了比较。对于水平起飞的运载器研究了采用不同类型起落架和不同起飞速度的情况。起飞前的加速方式对单级入轨的运载器是起支配作用的因素,但对两级入轨的运载器就不怎么重要。这个结论对于不同的起飞速度和起落架类型部是适用的。在所有单级入轨的运载器方案中,对垂直和水平起飞这两种方案的运载能力进行了比较,在几乎所有范围内,垂直起飞方案的运载能力要大。但有两种例外情况,这就是起飞速度为0.6马赫数和起飞重量较小的方案以及滑撬助推运载器某一特定范围的方案。对于两级入轨的运载器,水平和垂直起飞的运载能力并没有多大区别。本文最后对运载能力达20吨的不同运载器方案(单级入轨方案和桑格尔方案)进行了比较。结果表明,桑格尔两级入轨方案的性能要好,研制风险较低。
This article compares horizontal and vertical winged winged vehicles. For vehicles that take off horizontally, different types of landing gear and different takeoff speeds are studied. The mode of acceleration prior to takeoff is the dominant factor for a single-stage orbiting vehicle, but less important for a two-stage orbiting vehicle. This conclusion is valid for different take-off speeds and landing gear types. In all single-stage orbiter programs, the carrying capacity of both vertical and horizontal take-offs was compared and the carrying capacity of the vertical take-off program was greater in almost all areas. However, there are two exceptions, namely a program with a take-off speed of Mach 0.60 and a low take-off weight, as well as a specific range of sled boosters. For two-stage orbit vehicles, the horizontal and vertical takeoff capacity does not make much difference. In the end, the paper compares the different carrier schemes (single-stage approach scheme and Sanggel scheme) with a carrying capacity of 20 tons. The result shows that the performance of Sang Geer two-step orbit approach is better and the development risk is lower.