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除了大多数传统的或中央计划经济国家外,在其他所有国家里,市场在配置资源和分配收入方面都起着主导作用。市场的实绩如何,部分地取决于它们的结构。自古以来,人们已经认识到垄断性市场结构和竞争性市场结构的区别。亚里士多德把“垄断”描述为一个商人独占全部供应。他详细描述
With the exception of most traditional or centrally planned economies, the market plays a leading role in allocating resources and allocating revenue in all other countries. The actual market performance depends in part on their structure. Since ancient times, people have recognized the difference between a monopolistic market structure and a competitive market structure. Aristotle described “monopoly” as the exclusive supply of a single merchant. He described it in detail