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语言是人类交际和交流思想的工具。在语言中交际的基本单位是句子。它是由形式结构(表层结构)和语义结构(深层结构)组成的整体。在句内二者互为依存,前者是后者的表现形式,后者是前者的表现内容。对于语言来说,没有语义为载体的形式是无内容的形式,语义不用形式来表达,人们就无从达到互相了解的目的。句子的形式结构是物质的、符号的结构,是由一个词形(通过其中的词素)或是几个存语法上互相联
Language is a tool of human communication and exchange of ideas. The basic unit of communication in the language is the sentence. It is the overall structure of the formal structure (surface structure) and the semantic structure (deep structure). In the sentence, the two depend on each other, the former is the form of expression of the latter and the latter is the expression of the former. For the language, there is no form of semantic carrier for the content of the form, the semantics without the form of expression, people can not achieve the purpose of mutual understanding. The formal structure of a sentence is a material, symbolic structure that is interconnected by a form (through which the morphemes) or several terms