“图式”是认知心理学中一个非常重要的概念,而口译又是一个复杂的认知过程,同时译前准备是口译工作的必要一环。它指的是译员在正式口译之前所做的一切必要的准备工作。因此本文以图式理论为基础,探讨译员如何根据各个环节的图式来进行译前准备。一、图式理论1.1图式及图式理论20世纪70年代中期现代图式理论兴起,美国人工智能专家Rumelhart(1980)建立并发展了图式理论。他认为图式 “Schema” is a very important concept in cognitive psychology, and interpreting is a complex cognitive process, meanwhile interpreter preparation is an essential part of interpreting work. It refers to all the necessary preparations for the interpreter before the official interpretation. Therefore, based on the schema theory, this article explores how translators prepare for translation according to the schema of each link. I. Schema Theory 1.1 Schema and Schema Theory The rise of modern schema theory in the mid-1970s led American artefact expert Rumelhart (1980) to establish and develop schema theory. He thought the schema