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以蜡质玉米淀粉为主要原料、聚乙烯醇(PVA)为保护胶体,在反应过程中加入酸解催化剂[盐酸(HCl)]、氧化剂和引发剂[过硫酸铵(APS)],制得酸解氧化淀粉;然后将其与醋酸乙烯酯(VAc)、丙烯酸乙酯(EA)接枝共聚后,制得新型环保复合淀粉胶粘剂。研究结果表明:采用单因素试验法优选出接枝反应的最佳工艺条件是HCl浓度为2.0 mol/L、V(VAc)=40 mL、V(VAc)∶V(EA)=3∶1、接枝反应温度为70℃、w(淀粉乳液)=20%、w(APS)=1.2%和w(PVA)=40%(均相对于淀粉干基质量而言),此时酸解氧化淀粉胶粘剂在外观、流动性、木材污染性和粘接强度等方面均优于双醛淀粉胶粘剂和PVAc(聚醋酸乙烯酯)白乳胶。
Waxy corn starch as the main raw material, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a protective colloid, the acid hydrolysis catalyst [hydrochloric acid (HCl)], oxidant and initiator [ammonium persulfate (APS) Then oxidized starch; then graft copolymerized with vinyl acetate (VAc) and ethyl acrylate (EA) to obtain a novel environmentally friendly composite starch adhesive. The results showed that the optimum conditions for the grafting reaction were as follows: the concentration of HCl (2.0 mol / L), V (VAc) = 40 mL, V (VAc) The graft reaction temperature was 70 ° C, w (starch emulsion) = 20%, w (APS) = 1.2% and w (PVA) = 40% (all relative to the mass of starch dry basis) Adhesives are superior to dialdehyde starch adhesives and PVAc (polyvinyl acetate) white latex in terms of appearance, fluidity, wood stains and bond strength.