比较文学是一门研究跨越国界和超越同一文化背景的文学思潮、流派、运动、作家、作品以及和文学发展有关的各种现象的学科。纵观世界比较文学发展史,我们可以看出比较文学学科理论累进式发展的三大阶段,即实证—影响研究的欧洲阶段、平行对话研究的北美洲阶段和跨文化研究的阶段。 Comparative literature is a discipline that studies literary trends, genres, movements, writers, works and other phenomena related to the development of literature that transcend national boundaries and transcend the same cultural background. Looking at the history of comparative literature in the world, we can see that there are three major stages in the progressive development of the theory of comparative literature, that is, the empirical stage - the European stage, the North American stage and the cross-cultural stage.