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利用亚洲栽培稻(Oryza sativa L.)的核质互作型和光敏感型雄性不育系为母本,药用野生稻(O.officinalis Wall)为父本进行杂交,首次在未经幼胚培养的条件下得到了杂种种子。杂种F_1生长优势强,分蘖力和发根力等超过双亲,并具有父本的植株散生、高位分蘖、小穗具芒、穗分枝散生、落粒性和感光性强等特性。其酯酶同工酶谱中含有双亲的全部酶带。花粉母细胞中染色体数为2n=24,在减数分裂中期Ⅰ。基本上全部为单价体。杂种自交不孕。本研究结果表明,利用雄性不育系进行异源种间的远缘杂交具有简化杂交过程以便大量配组、增加异源遗传物质导入机会和杂种可靠、便于鉴定等优点。本研究不但对探讨水稻远缘杂交的新途径有一定意义,而且为雄性不育系的利用展开了新的视野。
Using the nuclear-cytoplasmic male-sterile and light-sensitive male sterile lines of Asian cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.) as the female parent and O. officinalis Wall as the male parent, Under the conditions of the hybrid seed. F1 hybrids have strong growth advantages, such as tillering ability and hair rooting ability, which exceed their parents and have the characteristics of male parent plant dispersal, high tillering, spikelet emergence, spikelet dispersal, shattering and sensitization. The esterase isozyme profile contains all the parents of the enzyme band. Pollen mother cells chromosome number 2n = 24, in the metaphase Ⅰ. Basically all monovalent. Hybrid self-fertility. The results of this study showed that the use of male sterile lines for distant hybridization among heterologous species has the advantage of simplifying the hybridization process in order to facilitate large population allocation and increase the chances of introduction of heterologous genetic material and the reliable hybridization. This study not only has some significance for exploring new ways of distant hybridization in rice, but also opens a new horizon for the utilization of male sterile lines.