根据米氏(Mie)理论,计算了多分散球形气溶胶粒子的单次散射特性。粒子的尺寸分布为伽马分布,有效半径分别为5.56,7和11μm,分析了0.4～100μm光谱范围内气溶胶粒子的平均消光系数、平均散射系数、单次散射反照率、不对称因子以及相矩阵与粒子的尺寸参数以及折射率的关系。结果表明,在可见光波段,粒子的有效半径对粒子的散射特性影响较小,在更长的波段上其影响较大;单次散射反照率在可见光范围内近似为1,随波长的变化和水滴折射率虚部随波长的变化曲线正好相反,这说明影响其大小的主要因素为粒子的折射率,即虚部越大则反照率越小;且极化率对粒子的尺寸比相函数更敏感。 According to the Mie theory, the single scattering properties of polydisperse spherical aerosol particles were calculated. The size distribution of the particles is a gamma distribution with effective radii of 5.56, 7 and 11 μm, respectively. The average extinction coefficient, average scattering coefficient, single scattering albedo, asymmetry factor and phase of the aerosol particles in the 0.4-100 μm spectral range Relationship between matrix and particle size parameters and refractive index. The results show that the effective radius of the particles has little effect on the scattering characteristics of the particles in the visible wavelength range, and has a greater effect on the longer wavelength bands. The single-scattering albedo in the visible range is approximately 1, which varies with the wavelength and the droplet The imaginary part of the refractive index changes with the wavelength curve exactly the opposite, indicating that the main factor affecting the size of the refractive index of the particles, that is, the larger the imaginary part of the smaller albedo; and the polarization rate of the particle size is more sensitive than the phase function .